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  • Question 1 - Which of the following describes the change from cervical columnar epithelium to stratified...

    Correct

    • Which of the following describes the change from cervical columnar epithelium to stratified squamous epithelium?

      Your Answer: Metaplasia

      Explanation:

      Cells adapt to external stressors in a variety of ways. A cell can either undergo hypertrophy or hyperplasia to overcome the stress, or atrophy if unable to overcome the stress. Metaplasia occurs when fully differentiated cell lines transform into another fully differentiated cell type to adapt to a new external environment. The replacement of columnar epithelium of the cervix to a stratified squamous epithelium occurs in the squamocolumnar transformation zone in response to the exposure of an everted ectocervix to the acidic pH of the vagina at puberty and first pregnancy. Carcinoma in situ is thought to involve the immature metaplastic cells in this region.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Pathology
      11.8
      Seconds

  • Question 2 - What epithelium cell type lines the endometrium? ...

    Correct

    • What epithelium cell type lines the endometrium?

      Your Answer: Columnar

      Explanation:

      The endometrium is lined by columnar epithelium

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Pathology
      12.7
      Seconds

  • Question 3 - What epithelium cell type lines the ureters? ...

    Incorrect

    • What epithelium cell type lines the ureters?

      Your Answer: Cuboidal

      Correct Answer: Transitional

      Explanation:

      Uterus is lines by a single layer of columnar epithelium. The endometrium goes through changes during the menstrual cycles.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Pathology
      13.5
      Seconds

  • Question 4 - Presence of anisocytosis, poikilocytosis and hyperchromatism on cervical smear indicates? ...

    Incorrect

    • Presence of anisocytosis, poikilocytosis and hyperchromatism on cervical smear indicates?

      Your Answer: Hyperplasia

      Correct Answer: Dysplasia

      Explanation:

      Dysplasia has 4 microscopic characteristics:
      Anisocytosis (unequal cell size)
      Poikilocytosis (abnormal cell shape)
      Hyperchromatism (pigmentation)
      Mitotic figures (increased cells currently dividing)

      Hyperplasia and hypertrophy is characterised by increase in cell number and increase in cell size respectively, whereas atrophy means decrease in cell size.
      Metaplasia is characterised by change of one form of cell to another type e.g. changes of columnar epithelium to squamous epithelium.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Pathology
      10.2
      Seconds

  • Question 5 - What kind of epithelium lines the endocervix? ...

    Correct

    • What kind of epithelium lines the endocervix?

      Your Answer: Columnar

      Explanation:

      Its important to note the endo and ectocervix have 2 epithelial types. Where columnar and squamous epithelia meet is the transformation zone (or squamous-columnar junction, SCJ). This is relevant as it is the primary site for dysplasia and is where smears are taken from.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Pathology
      5.4
      Seconds

  • Question 6 - A patient is seen in clinic 6 weeks postpartum. The pregnancy was complicated...

    Correct

    • A patient is seen in clinic 6 weeks postpartum. The pregnancy was complicated by intrapartum haemorrhage requiring fluid resuscitation and a 2 unit blood transfusion. Mum reports feeling very tired, struggling to lose baby weight and needing to bottle feed due to very low volume lactation. What is the suspected diagnosis?

      Your Answer: Sheehan's Syndrome

      Explanation:

      Sheehan syndrome is the pregnancy related infarction of the pituitary gland. During pregnancy the gland doubles in size but the blood supply does not increase significantly and during delivery due to the loss of blood it principates infarction. This results in fatigue, poor lactation and loss of pubic hair.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Pathology
      23.6
      Seconds

SESSION STATS - PERFORMANCE PER SPECIALTY

Pathology (4/6) 67%
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